Half-staff vs half-mast

The terms half-staff and half-mast are often used in dictionaries to describe lowering the United States flag on a flagpole, but did you know the two terms don't actually mean the same thing? There are subtle but significant differences, and it's important to understand what they are to show the proper respect. Let's explore the origins, significance, and correct usage of these common terms.  

To stay informed about when to lower your flag, download our free half-staff calendar. If your flagpole doesn’t allow for lowering the flag, consider adding a mourning bow atop the pole as a respectful alternative. For a flag that’s as durable as it is vibrant, consider our Beacon® Nylon American Flags — crafted to last while maintaining their bold colors. Shop now to find the perfect size for your display! 

What's the Difference Between Half-Staff vs Half-Mast? 

flag flying at half-mast on a ship flag flying at half-mast on a ship

The term half-staff is uniquely American, with most countries, including the United Kingdom, using half-mast exclusively. So, how do you know when to use half-mast or half-staff? 

A simple guideline is whether or not you're on a ship. A flagpole on a ship is referred to as a mast. Lowering the flag on the ship's mast to honor the death of a government official is called lowering it to half-mast.  

On the other hand, if the flagpole is secured on the ground or to the side of a building, it's called a staff. Lowering the U.S. flag from the top of the staff is called half-staff. Both acts are done as a symbol of mourning.  

As stated in the U.S. Flag Code, only the President of the United States can issue a nationwide call to lower the flag. This act is generally reserved for a national tragedy or for the death of a member of the United States government, such as the Vice President, Chief Justice, or a member of Congress. State Governors can also order a statewide lowering of the flag for a person of note, like a police officer or firefighter.  

Why are Flags Lowered to Half-Staff During Times of Mourning?  

While the origins of lowering the flag in mourning aren't known, it's commonly accepted that it has Naval roots. Crews would lower the flag a short way to make room for an invisible flag, the flag of death, to fly. 

The first documented use of this tradition was for the death of John Hall, an English explorer. In 1612, he was killed by a Native Inuit who attacked him with a spear, likely in response to a Scottish explorer imprisoning four Inuits seven years earlier. On its trip back to England, the ship named the Heart's Ease flew its flags at half-mast to honor its fallen captain. 

How to Lower Your Flag to Half-Staff  

When the British took over the tradition of lowering the flag, they created a flag protocol to follow regarding the position of the flag. The person lowering the flag must first hoist it to the top of the flagpole before lowering it. Before taking it down for the night, the flag must first be raised to the top of the flagpole, then lowered and removed. Since America began as a British colony, we hold many of its traditions to this day, including guidelines on lowering the flag.  

When are Flags Flown at Half-Staff?  

There are numerous days throughout the year when the national flag is flown at half-staff, including: 

  • May 5 - National Firefighters Memorial Day  
  • May 15 - Peace Officers Memorial Day  
  • May 27 - Memorial Day  
  • September 11 - Patriot Day  
  • December 7 - National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day  

These official observances honor the lives and sacrifices of those who have served our nation, from fallen firefighters to military heroes. 

Flying your flag at half-staff is a meaningful way for individuals to express respect, unity, and shared grief during these occasions. While only governmental properties are required to lower their flags to half-staff on these days, individuals are encouraged to participate as well to foster a sense of community and solidarity. 

For more information, check out our half-staff guide. 

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